Head & Face Wounds (Shijaj)

**Ten Types of Head and Face Wounds:** **1. Al-Harisah (الحَارِصَة):** Scratches the skin slightly without bleeding - like a scratch. Also called القَاشِرَة and المِلْطَاء. **2. Ad-Damiyah (الدَّامِيَة):** Causes slight bleeding from the cut. Also called البَازِلَة and الدَّامِعَة (likened to tears flowing). **3. Al-Badi'ah (البَاضِعَة):** Cuts into the flesh after the skin with a light cut, not reaching the bone. **4. Al-Mutalahimah (المُتَلَاحِمَة):** Goes deeper into the flesh but does not reach the membrane between flesh and bone. **5. As-Simhaq (السِّمْحَاق):** Reaches the thin membrane between flesh and skull bone. Named after that membrane. ⚠️ **Ruling for first five:** No Qisas or Diyah - only Hukumah (court assessment). The injured is valued as if a slave before injury, then after healing. The difference ratio is applied to his Diyah. --- **6. Al-Mudihah (المُوضِحَة):** Pierces the simhaq and exposes the bone. **Diyah:** 5 camels (half-tenth of full Diyah) **7. Al-Hashimah (الهَاشِمَة):** Exposes and breaks/cracks the bone. **Diyah:** 10 camels **8. Al-Munaqqilah (المُنَقِّلَة):** Displaces bone from its position - whether exposing and breaking it or not. **Diyah:** 15 camels **9. Al-Ma'mumah (المَأْمُومَة):** Reaches the brain membrane (umm ad-dimagh). Also called الآمَّة. **Diyah:** One-third of full Diyah **10. Ad-Damighah (الدَّامِغَة):** Pierces the brain membrane and reaches the brain itself. **Diyah:** One-third of full Diyah --- **Al-Ja'ifah (الجَائِفَة) - Body Cavity Wound:** Though not shijaj (not on head/face), it is mentioned with them due to having fixed Diyah. It is a wound reaching internal cavities not visible externally - inside stomach, back, chest, throat, bladder. **Diyah:** One-third of full Diyah --- **Evidence:** - Hadith of 'Amr ibn Hazm: The Prophet ﷺ wrote to the people of Yemen: "In the Ma'mumah is one-third of Diyah, in the Munaqqilah is fifteen camels... in the Mudihah is five camels" [Nasa'i, Hakim, Bayhaqi - authentic]. - Consensus of scholars on Munaqqilah being fifteen camels. - Agreement on Ja'ifah being one-third of Diyah per 'Amr ibn Hazm's letter. - Athar of Zayd ibn Thabit رضي الله عنه ruling ten camels for Hashimah, with no known opposition. --- **Qisas Ruling:** Qisas is NOT obligatory in these wounds EXCEPT for Mudihah only - because it can be precisely replicated. The others cannot guarantee equal retaliation without excess or deficiency in length, width, or depth.