Temporary Prohibition

Several women are temporarily prohibited. They can be divided into two types: **Type 1: Prohibition due to Combining:** **1. Combining Two Sisters:** Whether by lineage or breastfeeding; whether contracted together or separately. - **Evidence:** Allah says: "And that you combine two sisters" [An-Nisa: 23] **2. Combining a Woman with Her Aunt/Niece:** A woman and her paternal aunt, or a woman and her maternal aunt, or a woman and her brother's daughter, or her sister's daughter, or her son's daughter, or her daughter's daughter. **The Rule:** Combining is prohibited between any two women where if one were male, he couldn't marry the other. **Evidence:** - Abu Hurayrah رضي الله عنه reported that the Prophet ﷺ said: "A woman should not be combined with her paternal aunt, nor with her maternal aunt" [Bukhari & Muslim] - He ﷺ also said: "A woman should not be married over her paternal aunt, nor an aunt over her brother's daughter; nor a woman over her maternal aunt, nor an aunt over her sister's daughter; the elder should not be married over the younger, nor the younger over the elder" [Abu Dawud, Nasa'i, Tirmidhi - sahih] --- **Type 2: Prohibition due to Circumstance:** **1. Woman in Waiting Period:** It is prohibited to marry a woman who is in her post-divorce waiting period from another man. - **Evidence:** Allah says: "And do not resolve on the marriage contract until the prescribed period reaches its end" [Al-Baqarah: 235] **2. Thrice-Divorced Woman:** It is prohibited to marry a woman one has divorced three times until she marries another husband with a valid marriage and he consummates with her. - **Evidence:** Allah says: "And if he has divorced her, then she is not lawful to him afterward until she marries a husband other than him" [Al-Baqarah: 230] **3. Woman in Ihram:** It is prohibited to marry a woman in ihram until she exits her ihram. - **Evidence:** The Prophet ﷺ said: "The one in ihram should not marry, nor be married, nor propose" [Muslim] **4. Disbeliever Marrying Muslim Woman:** It is prohibited for a disbeliever to marry a Muslim woman. - **Evidence:** Allah says: "And do not marry polytheist men until they believe" [Al-Baqarah: 221] **5. Non-Kitabi Women:** It is prohibited for a Muslim man to marry a disbelieving woman except a woman from the People of the Book (Christian or Jewish). He may marry her. - **Evidence:** Allah says: "And do not marry polytheist women until they believe" [Al-Baqarah: 221], and "And the chaste women from those who were given the Scripture before you" [Al-Ma'idah: 5] **6. Free Man Marrying Slave Woman:** It is prohibited for a free Muslim man to marry a Muslim slave woman except if he fears fornication and cannot afford a free woman's mahr or a slave's price. - **Evidence:** Allah says: "And whoever among you cannot afford to marry free believing women, then from those whom your right hands possess of believing slave girls" [An-Nisa: 25] until His saying: "That is for whoever fears sinning among you" [An-Nisa: 25] **7. Slave Marrying His Mistress:** It is prohibited for a Muslim slave to marry his mistress, as scholars have unanimously agreed, due to the contradiction between her being his mistress and him being her husband. **8. Master Marrying His Slave:** It is prohibited for a master to marry his own slave woman because the ownership contract is stronger than the marriage contract.